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## Flaps analysis using panel method

### Patryk Andrzej Demkowicz

#### Abstract

The topic of the thesis is the numerical flaps analysis using panel method and its main purpose is to compare the results of the aerodynamic analysis of Orlik PZL-130T airplane geometry model with a plain flap and with a slotted flap, carried out in the PANUKL software. The thesis contains introduction about crucial phenomena associated with flaps and other high lift-devices such as slats and gives prediction about the results of the analysis. According to the theory, slotted flaps should give higher lift coefficient increments due to increased effective lifting surface due to rearward movement of the slotted flap as well as delaying of the flow separation, comparing to plain flaps. Next chapter is dedicated to the history and technical data regarding Orlik PZL-130T aircraft. Following chapter covers the topic of panel method, including its brief history, assumptions, the equations governing its physical model and the method of computation used in the PANUKL software. The software is also discussed in one of the chapters, which presents its interface, functions, subprograms and output files. A whole separate section of the thesis is focused on geometry modelling, giving detailed guidelines on how to properly model slotted and plain flaps in PANUKL and how to run the analysis. Custom airfoils, wing sections, stabilizers coordinates and fuselage data are attached in the Appendix A, B, C and D. The accuracy of the PANUKL results were checked by comparison of the sample results with the results obtained by using Xfoil program in both viscous and inviscid modes. The comparison showed large discrepancies between lift coefficient results for Xfoil viscous analysis and PANUKL analysis at greater flap deflections, indicating significant viscous effects occurring in those cases. For small flap deflections, the results are fairly similar. The main analysis was carried out for the whole airplane configuration at various angles of attack and various flap deflections. It showed that slotted flap model fits the theoretical results better and in general gives higher lift coefficient increments than the plain flap model. Important point is that slotted flap delays flow separation and decreases significance of the viscous effects, meaning such analysis gives more reliable results. The main conclusion of the analysis is that even though slotted flaps are much harder to model properly, the significant differences in their aerodynamic characteristics, comparing to plain flaps, show that it is necessary to model them in order to obtain accurate lift coefficient results, which are consistent with the theory of flaps. There are specific cases where plain flap model gave very similar results – such as low flap deflection at zero angle of attack – but in general the results are not reliable and can be distorted by significant viscous effects.
Diploma type
Engineer's / Bachelor of Science
Diploma type
Engineer's thesis
Author
Patryk Andrzej Demkowicz (FPAE) Patryk Andrzej Demkowicz,, Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering (FPAE)
Title in Polish
Analiza klap metodą panelową
Supervisor
Tomasz Goetzendorf-Grabowski (FPAE/IAAM) Tomasz Goetzendorf-Grabowski,, The Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics (FPAE/IAAM)Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering (FPAE)
Certifying unit
Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering (FPAE)
Affiliation unit
The Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics (FPAE/IAAM)
Study subject / specialization
, Lotnictwo i Kosmonautyka
Language
(en) English
Status
Finished
Defense Date
27-06-2016
Issue date (year)
2016
Pages
90
Internal identifier
MEL; PD-3737
Reviewers
Tomasz Goetzendorf-Grabowski (FPAE/IAAM) Tomasz Goetzendorf-Grabowski,, The Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics (FPAE/IAAM)Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering (FPAE) Jacek Mieloszyk (FPAE/IAAM) Jacek Mieloszyk,, The Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics (FPAE/IAAM)Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering (FPAE)
Keywords in Polish
metoda panelowa, klapa, klapa szczelinowa
Keywords in English
panel method, flap, slotted flap
Abstract in Polish
File
• File: 1
flaps analysis using panel method 1031002.pdf
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Identyfikator pracy APD: 12336

Uniform Resource Identifier
https://repo.pw.edu.pl/info/bachelor/WUT92c859daa37749bc841159e95a39efb3/
URN
urn:pw-repo:WUT92c859daa37749bc841159e95a39efb3

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