Analiza techniczno-ekonomiczna hybrydowej mikroinstalacji słonecznej

Jarosław Bigorajski

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of hybrid solar installation. Article applies both to the production of electricity and heat from solar radiation. The biggest problem associated with the generation of electricity from solar energy is relatively low efficiency of photovoltaic cells currently available. Most of the absorbed solar energy is converted to heat, which is lost to the environment. This heat raises the temperature of photovoltaic cells. Photovoltaic cells have the property that the higher the temperature, the lower achieve efficiency. To solve this problem we can receive heat from the photovoltaic cells - such a solution is called a photovoltaic thermal - PVT. The article describes the model of solar radiation and the model of the installation concerned. As input data were used: the ambient temperature, the total irradiation and its components. Semispherical radiation intensity incident on the plane of the receiver of the orientation and the inclination was determined by the model of isotropic diffuse solar radiation (model Liu-Jordan). To model hybrid PVT collector was used a modified model Hottel-Whillier-Bliss. The analysis shows that the installation of PVT with the power of 2 kWp can produce 1714 kWh of electricity per year and 2359 kWh of heat per year. Results presented in this paper show that hybrid systems PVT can be effectively used in domestic conditions, but payback period time is quite long (16 years).